Spectophotomertic studies of Anionic Surfactant Absorption of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon Using Soil in a Column Chromatography

Spectophotomertic studies of Anionic Surfactant Absorption of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon Using Soil in a Column Chromatography PDF

Mahmoud Ali Mohammed Al Haitali

Supervisor(s)

Dr.Shehdeh Jodeh -

Discussion Commity

1- Dr.Shedeh Jodeh 2- Prof. Radi Daoud 3-Dr. Ibrahim Kayali

144 صفحة

Abstract :

Abstract Surfactant with its amphiphilic nature toward polar and nonpolar substances may be used in mass transfer improvement of hydrophobic pollutants from solid or non-aqueous liquid phase into aqueous phase by decreasing interfacial tension and formation of micelles which surround these pollutants and solubilize them into aqueous phase. Micelles are often characterized according to their size and shape. The geometric properties of these micelles depend on the chemical structure of the surfactant and on the concentration and the nature of the aqueous environment. The adsorption of the surfactant on solid surfaces can lower the concentration of free surfactant in aqueous solution. If the degree of adsorption is high, surfactant concentration could drop below the Critical Micelle Concentration (CMC), rendering the surfactant solution with no ability to solubilize. Therefore, the amount of surfactant mass that will sorb should be accounted for when selecting injection concentration. In this study, diesel was used as an organic contaminant to study sorption characteristics of non ionic surfactant, Triton X-100 onto soil below and above CMC. The surface tension measurement was used for calculating this kind of sorption. Nonionic surfactant Triton X-100 was used to study remediation enhancement of diesel contaminated soil. UV-Visible Spectrophotometer was used to determine the amount of diesel removed from contaminated soil by surfactant via solubilization and mobilization mechanisms at 254 nm. The results indicated that when the concentration of surfactant was lower than the CMC, the amount of surfactant sorbed on soil increased with increasing the surfactant concentration; the amount of desorbed diesel was relatively low compared with the original amount added to soil, but amount of diesel desorbed from soil at surfactant concentration above CMC was relatively high. Other factors such as temperature, pH, and ionic strength were also studied to examine whether they improve or inhibit diesel desorption from soil. The study has shown that high pH, low pH, high temperature, and ionic strength decreases the capacity of surfactant in desorption of diesel from soil.

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